For update from SonarQube Community Build to SonarQube Server there exists a specific help page in the docs.
Independent of all other questions, you cannot update your current setup without loss of data. You are using the embedded database H2 which is not officially supported for production and updates. You need to restart from scratch. This was also several times asked in the forum, e.g. here where also an user proposed a migration procedure from H2 to another database system.
By the way, you would have to go all the way of the upgrade path from 8.0 → 8.9 LTA > 9.9 LTA > 2025.1 LTA (and maybe to the latest 2025.x).