What’s your docker version? There was a error like this when running a more recent Alpine on a old docker version that the seccomp filter would denie a required system call of elasticsearch. Maybe you have a outdated docker runtime that you can just upgrade.
There is a workaround defined here: Attempting to start sonarQube container from image yields various exceptions while following official SonarQube Documentation - #3 by Tobias_Trabelsi