Ideally, you are running analysis on your pull requests, meaning you can fix the issues before they make it to your master branch.
When you decorate your Pull Requests in Bitbucket Cloud based on SonarCloud analysis, changes that you make to those issues will update the status in Bitbucket Cloud and allow you to merge (without rerunning analysis).
There’s no getting around needing to re-run analysis of your master branch if the Quality Gate changes SonarCloud side.