Hey @daryn,
This is indeed a false positive with that rules implementation. I did create SONARPHP-1268 to track it. It is not really related to setting the right PHP version.
There is no such mechanism currently in the PHP analyzer (which might change). The analyzer does parse PHP syntax up to the latest PHP version (8.1 with the latest release). Sometimes, with the addition of new syntax, existing rules have to be adapted. This should have been done for S3699
when arrow functions were introduced.
Thanks very much for reporting this!
Best,
Karim.